Essential Information & explanations, latest texts & monographs on
Bean.
Engaging Ideas : The Professor's Guide to Integrating Writing, Critical Thinking, and Active Learning in the Classroom by John C. Bean
The Bean Trees : A Novel by Barbara Kingsolver
Beans: Four Principles for Running a Business in Good Times or Bad by Leslie Yerkes
Going the Other Way : Lessons from a Life In and Out of Major League Baseball by Billy Bean
The Bean Trees by Barbara Kingsolver
The Bean Bible: A Legumaniac's Guide to Lentils, Peas, and Every Edible Bean on the Planet! by Aliza Green
Mice and Beans by Pam Munoz Ryan
Mumbo Gumbo : A Madeline Bean Novel by Jerrilyn Farmer
Going the Other Way: Lessons from a Life in and out of Major-League Baseball by Billy Bean
Amanda Bean's Amazing Dream: A Mathematical Story (Marilyn Burns Brainy Day Books) by Cindy Neuschwander
366 Delicious Ways to Cook Rice, Beans, and Grains by Andrea Chesman
Flogging by Joseph W. Bean
Beans on the Roof by BETSY BYARS
King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table (Classic Literature With Classical Music. Junior Classics) by Benedict Flynn
One Bean by Anne F. Rockwell
Bean
For the Java Bean which is a reusable software component; See Enterprise Java Beans. For the title character's name in the Mr. Bean series, see that article. For the character in the Ender's Game series by Orson Scott Card with the nickname of Bean, see Julian Delphiki. For the beanball pitch see Baseball jargon
Bean is a common name for large plant seeds of several genera of Fabaceae (formerly Leguminosae) (English: leguminous, legumes), used for food or feed. Bean originally meant the seed of the fava bean, but was later broadened to include members of the genus Phaseolus such as the common bean or haricot and the runner bean and the related genus Vigna. The term is now applied in a general way to many other related plants such as soybeans, peas, lentils, vetches and lupins. It can be used as a near synonym of pulse, that is an edible legume, though some restrict pulse to just varieties used as dry seeds.
In English usage beans sometimes also refer to seeds or other organs of non leguminosae for example coffee beans, castor beans and cocoa beans (which resemble bean seeds), and vanilla beans (which resemble the pods).
Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide")
1 Vegetables or Pulses
2 Phaseolus spp
2.1 Phaseolus vulgaris or common bean
2.2 Phaseolus coccineus or Runner bean
2.3 Phaseolus acutifolius or Tepary bean
2.4 Phaseolus lunatus or Lima bean
3 Vigna spp.
4 Vicia faba or fava bean
5 Other beans
6 Cultural aspects
7 See also
Vegetables or Pulses
Leguminous crops harvested green for food like snap beans, green peas etc. are classified as vegetable crops. The term "pulses" is usually reserved for those leguminous crops which are harvested for their dry grain. Pulses exclude those crops mainly used for oil extraction like soybean and peanut) or those used exclusively for sowing purposes (clover and alfalfa).
Of economic importance are the beans of the following genera of leguminosae
- Phaseolus
- Vigna
- Vicia
- Dolichos
- Pisum
- Lens
- Lupinus
Phaseolus spp
The genus Phaseolus contains 55 species, 5 of which have been domesticated. All Phaseolus species originate in Meso America and have been cultivated for thousands of years by pre-Columbian civilizations.
Today, Phaseolus species are cultivated worldwide in both tropical, semi tropical and temperate climates.
Phaseolus vulgaris or common bean
P. vulgaris exists in many forms and colours. They are grown as dry beans or as green beans. There are bushy types, climbing types, green, yellow or speckled pods, black, green, red, and speckled seeds. This enormous variety in forms and colours of the different plant parts has given rise to a great variation in names.
P. vulgaris grown for dried bean production are known as pinto, kidney, navy, black turtle bean.
P. vulgaris grown for fresh consumption is known as snap, french, green, wax (yellow pods), pole or runner (climbing) beans.
Phaseolus coccineus or Runner bean
P. coccineus is normally a pluriannual plant whith stems that can reach several metres. The main uses are the green pods or the white dried seeds. The seeds are large. The scarlet runner beans have been grown extensively in Meso America, Europe and parts of Africa (Ethiopia).
P. coccineus has large flowers which are scarlet or white in colour. Due to its flowers, scarlet runner beans are also grown as ornamental plants in the USA and Europe.
P.coccineus is often grown in association with maize or sorghum whereby the maize or sorghum acts as support for the semi climbing runner beans.
Phaseolus acutifolius or Tepary bean
P. acutifolius is a very drought reistant bean which is grown in (semi)desert conditions from Arizona through Mexico to Costa Rica. The water requirements are low and the crop will grow in areas where annual rainfall is less than 400 mm.
Phaseolus lunatus or Lima bean
Also known as butter bean, duffin bean, rangoon bean, burma bean.
P. lunatus is well adapted to the drier climates.
Vigna spp.
The genus Vigna includes a number of important food crops grown in tropical and semi tropical regions.
Vicia faba or fava bean
Also called horse bean, broad bean, or field bean. This is the original bean of European history.
Other beans
Cultural aspects
The following traditional uses of beans refer to the fava bean. In ancient Greece and Rome, beans were used in voting (a white bean meant yes and a black bean meant no) and as a food for the dead, such as during the annual Lemuria festival. In some folk legends, such as in Estonia and the common Jack and the Beanstalk story, magical beans grow tall enough to bring the hero to the clouds. The Grimm Brothers collected a story in which a bean splits its sides laughing at the failure of others. Dreaming of a bean is sometimes said to be a sign of impending conflict, though others said they caused bad dreams. Pliny claimed they acted as a laxative. European folklore also claims that planting beans on Good Friday or during the night-time is good luck.
In English usage, bean is used to denote energy and activity, such as the idiom "full of beans". To "spill the beans" means to give out a secret.
See also
The above article is adapted from from Wikipedia All Wikipedia article text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
Recent related patents from USPTO:
6732330: Scripting language blocks to support multiple scripting languages in a single web page
6732162: Method of providing preprocessed images for a plurality of internet web sites
6732098: Relational text index creation and searching
6732097: Relational text index creation and searching
6731954: Method of improving radio connection quality
6731853: Multiple fiber chip clamp
6731837: Optical fiber amplifiers and lasers and optical pumping devices therefor and methods of fabricating same
6731614: Orthogonal code division multiple access waveform format for use in satellite based cellular telecommunications
6731374: Beam-splitter optics design that maintains an unflipped (unmirrored) image for a catadioptric lithographic system
6731361: High resolution in-plane switching mode TFT-LCD
6730837: Inbred maize line PH726
6730836: Inbred maize line PH54M
6730835: Inbred maize line PH7CH
6730834: Inbred maize line PH5WB
6730833: Inbred corn line LH254
6730831: Soybean cultivar S010349
6730830: Soybean cultivar 0332142
6730829: Soybean variety 92B84
6730827: Genes encoding plant adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase
6730823: Plant choline phosphate cytidylyltransferase
6730794: Substituted indolealkanoic acids
6730724: Biodegradable compositions comprising starch and polysaccharide esters
6730717: Aqueous glittering ink composition
6730661: Nutritional composition which contain non-digestible polysaccharides and use thereof to reduce transport through tight junctions
6730643: Detergent bar and a process for manufacture
6730561: Method of forming a cup capacitor
6730481: Primers-attached vector elongation (PAVE): a 5'-directed cDNA cloning strategy
6730479: Detection of nucleic acid hybrids
6730347: Frozen aerated confection
6730346: Methods for using lipases in baking
6730340: Edible casing film formulation
6730336: Fortified beverages with improved texture and flavor impact at lower dosage of solids
6730333: Nutraceutical mangosteen composition
6730325: Multiparticulate modified release composition
6730310: Wash-off vitamin E compositions
6730306: Parvovirus vaccine as viral coat protein fusions
6730228: Methods and apparatus for characterization of polymers using multi-dimensional liquid chromatography with regular second-dimension sampling
6730154: Polychromic ink composition depending on viewing angle
6730149: Ink composition and inkjet recording method and apparatus using the ink composition
6730132: Reduction clearing of polyester textiles
6730069: Cloth-like mechanical fastener
6729866: Plastic lens systems
6729042: Enhancement of fluid replacement in porous media through pressure modulation
6729032: Chassis measuring apparatus and method of measuring a chassis
6728996: Adjustable liner retainer for containers
D489423: Exercise device
6728750: Distributed application assembly
6728707: Relational text index creation and searching
6728630: Method for providing route instructions to a mobile vehicle
Bibliographic Resources
Updates and comments at Essential Facts blog
Are you interested in Feng Shui?
Price Theory Resources
World Class Photographers
Some philosophical movements
Top PDF and eBook Downloads
|
|
Interesting Links
Sports
Kitchen Knowledge
Hollywood Icons
Mythology
Philosophy
Politics
Retirement
Accounting & Finance
Automobiles
Marketing
Psychology
Academic Subjects
Ancient Greeks
Art & Design
Biology
Biology & Biologists
California
Cats & Dogs
Ethics
Legal Topics
Logic
The Greats
Architectural Dates & Places
* Mathematics & Mathematicians
Medical Update d06
More
Chromosomes and Genomics
Enginering Systems 1
Investments
Transportation
Mathematics
Brilliant Mathematicians
Classic Authors
Fear No Exams
Nexus
Characters & countries
Computers + 2
Science Plus
Science & Computers
Quantum Theory
Home, Site-Map
|
