Essential Information & explanations, latest texts & monographs on
Fabaceae.
Seeds of Continental United States Legumes (Fabaceae) by Richard J. Delorit
Fabaceae (Flora of Siberia Series Volume 9) by L. I. Kashina
Legume (Fabaceae) Fruits and Seeds by Jr. Joseph H. Kirkbride
Vascular Flora of the Southeastern United States: Part 2: Leguminosae (Fabaceae) by Duane Isely
Flora of Karnataka: Magnoliaceae to Fabaceae by Cecil J. Saldanha
Revision of the genus Coelidium (Liparieae-Fabaceae) by Rut Granby
Fruits and seeds of genera in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae (Fabaceae) (SuDoc A 1.36:1755) by Charles R. Gunn
Native and Naturalized Leguminosae (Fabaceae) of the United States: Exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii by Duane Isely
Biodiversity of the domatia occupants (ants, wasps, bees, and others) of the Sri Lankan myrmecophyte Humboldtia laurifola Vahl (Fabaceae) (SuDoc SI 1.27:603) by Smithsonian
Regeneracja roslin w kulturach i vitro niektórych gatunków z rodziny Fabaceae by Jan Jaros±aw Rybczynski
Fabaceae
Legumes
Kudzu - larger image
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Division:Magnoliophyta
Class:Magnoliopsida
Order:Fabales
Family:Fabaceae
Subfamilies
Faboideae
Caesalpinioideae
Mimosoideae
References
GRIN-CA 2002-09-01
The Family Fabaceae (formerly Leguminosae) is a grouping of plants in the Order Fabales, and one of the largest families of flowering plants with 650 genera and over 18,000 species. These plants are commonly called legumes and the family contains some of our most valuable food crops, such as beans, peas, peanuts, soybeans, and lentils. Other members of the family are important sources of animal feed or green manure, such as lupins, clover, alfalfa, and soybean. Some genera such as Laburnum, Robinia, Gleditsia, Acacia, Mimosa, and Delonix are ornamental trees and shrubs. Still other members of the family have medicinal or insecticidal properties (for instance Derris) or yield important substances like gum arabic, tannin, dyes, or resins. Then there is kudzu, an east Asian species originally planted in the U.S. southeast for soil improvement and as a cattle feed, that has become a notorious invasive weed that tends to grow over everything.
All members of this family have five-petaled flowers in which the superior ovary ripens to form a "pod", technically called a legume, whose two sides split apart, releasing the seeds which are attached to one or both seams. The legumous plants are classified into three subfamilies, sometimes raised to the rank of family in the order Fabales, on the basis of flower morphology (specifically, petal shape):
- Faboideae (Fabaceae), previously called Papilionoideae: One petal is large and has a crease in it, the two adjacent petals are on the sides, and the two bottom petals are joined together at the bottom, forming a boat-like structure.
- Caesalpinioideae (Caesalpiniaceae): The five petals are equal in size and large.
- Mimosoideae (Mimosaceae): The petals are small, and the stamens are the most showy part of the flower.
Nitrogen fixation
A significant characteristic of legumes is that they host bacteria in their roots, within nodules called root nodules. These Rhizobium bacteria have the ability to take nitrogen gas (N2) out of the air and convert it to a form of nitrogen that is usable to the host plant (NO3). This process is called nitrogen fixation. The legume, acting as a host, and the Rhizobium bacteria, acting as a provider of usable nitrate, form a symbiotic relationship.
The above article is adapted from from Wikipedia All Wikipedia article text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
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