Essential Information & explanations, latest texts & monographs on
Bioethics.
Stories Matter: The Role of Narrative in Medical Ethics by Rita Charon
Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Bioethical Issues by Carol Levine
Double Helix by Nancy Werlin
The Human Embryonic Stem Cell Debate: Science, Ethics, and Public Policy (Basic Bioethics) by Suzanne Holland
On Being Human: Where Ethics, Medicine and Spirituality Converge by Daisaku Ikeda
Prisoned Chickens Poisoned Eggs: An Inside Look at the Modern Poultry Industry by Karen Davis
Human Cloning and Human Dignity: The Report of the President's Council on Bioethics by Leon R. Kass
Beginning Bioethics: A Text With Integrated Readings by Aaron Ridley
Life, Liberty, and the Defense of Dignity: The Challenge for Bioethics by Leon R. Kass
Bioethics Mediation: A Guide to Shaping Shared Solutions by Nancy N. Dubler
Life, Liberty and the Defense of Dignity: The Challenge for Bioethics by Leon R. Kass
Does God Need Our Help?: Cloning, Assisted Suicide, & Other Challenges in Bioethics (Vital Questions) by John Frederic Kilner
Strangers at the Bedside: A History of How Law and Bioethics Transformed Medical Decision Making (Social Institutions and Social Change) by David J. Rothman
The Human Embryo Research Debates: Bioethics in the Vortex of Controversy by Ronald M. Green
Cases in Bioethics: Selections from the Hastings Center Report by Bette-Jane Crigger
Bioethics
Bioethics concerns the relationships between biology, medicine, cybernetics, politics, law, ethics, philosophy, and theology. Disagreement exists about the proper scope for the application of ethical evaluation to questions involving biology. Some bioethicists would narrow ethical evaluation only to the morality of medical treatments or technological innovations, and the timing of medical treatment of humans. Other bioethicists would broaden the scope of ethical evaluation to include the morality of all actions that might help or harm organisms capable of feeling fear and pain. Many bioethicists are simply ideologues who disguise their politics as ethical discourse in order to mobilize support for their social conservative cause. Exploitation of popular anxieties about sexuality and reproduction has been central to the political project of the Christian Right in the United States, an effort intended to divert American public attention from other issues and to attract white, typically southern and midwestern, working class voters to the Republican Party.
Bioethics issues include:
- Abortion, reproductive rights
- Artificial insemination
- Artificial life
- Contraception
- Cryogenics
- Direct mind-computer interface
- Donating one's sperm or eggs
- Donated organs when bought illegally (transplant trade)
- Fair allocation of donated organs, class and race biases
- Drug pricing, HIV/AIDs drugs in Sub-Saharan Africa
- Duty to procreate
- Genetic engineering, genetically modified food crops
- Homosexuality
- Human cloning
- Non-human animal cloning
- Immortality
- Treating infertility
- Obligations of the individual, corporate employer, local, sub-national or national state and global community to provide health care and/or health insurance.
- Primate rights under law
- Stem cell cloning
- Suicide, assisted suicide and human euthanasia
- Non-human animal euthanasia
- Pain management
- Parthenogenesis
- Recreational drug use
- Scientific ignorance
- Selling one's own blood or blood plasma
- Spiritual drug use
- Transexuality
- When to use, and when to withold, life-support
- When to use, and when to withold, artificial hydration and artificial nutrition
- Use of surrogate mothers
- Use of nanotechnology as medical treatment
- Use of artificial wombs
- Treating non-human animals
- Medical research on non-human animals
Secular bioethicists focus on using philosophy to help analyze said concerns.
Religious bioethicists have developed rules and guidelines on how to deal with these issues from within the viewpoint of their respective faiths. Some secular bioethicists are critical to the fact that these are usually religious scholars without a degree in biology or medicine related fields.
Most religious bioethicists are Jewish or Christian scholars. However a small number of religious scholars from other religions have recently become involved in this field as well. Islamic clerics have begun to write on this topic. Muslim bioethicists include Abdulaziz Sachedina, at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville. There has been some criticism by liberal Muslims that only the more religiously conservative voices in Islam are being heard on this issue. Buddhist bioethicists have focused much of their concern on organ transplantation.
See also: Medicine, Ethics
Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide")
1 External links
2 Stem Cell Research Controversy
1 References (general)
1.1 Muslim bioethics
1.2 Jewish Bioethics
1.3 Christian bioethics
External links
Stem Cell Research Controversy
References (general)
- Thomas John. Where Religious and Secular Ethics Meet in Humane Health Care International, Vol. 12, No. 1, January 1996.
- Orr, Robert D. and Leigh B. Genesen. Requests for inappropriate treatment based on religious beliefs in Journal of Medical Ethics, Vol. 23, 1997. pp. 142-147.
- Sloan, R.P., E. Bagiella and T. Powlell. Religion, spirituality, and medicine, The Lancet, 1999, 353(9153): 1-7.
Muslim bioethics
- Al Khayat MH. Health and Islamic behaviour. In: El Gindy AR, editor. Health policy, ethics and human values: Islamic perspective Kuwait: Islamic Organization of Medical Sciences; 1995. p. 447-50.
- Ebrahim, Abul Fadl Mohsin. Abortion, Birth Control and Surrogate Parenting. An Islamic Perspective Indianapolis, 1989
- Esposito, John. Ed. Surrogate Motherhood in The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
- An Unholy Alliance: Muslims have diverse views on scientific ethics, yet only the conservatives are heard. And a Muslim-Vatican deal is not helping. Ehsan Masood, New Scientist Vol. 180, Issue 2419 (November 1, 2003).
Jewish Bioethics
- Bleich, J. David. 1981. Judaism and Healing. New York: Ktav
- Dorff, Elliot N. 1998. Matters of Life and Death: A Jewish Approach to Modern Medical Ethics. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society
- Feldman DM. Marital relations, birth control, and abortion in Jewish law. New York: Schocken Books; 1974
- Freedman B. Duty and healing: foundations of a Jewish bioethic. New York: Routledge; 1999
- Jakobovits I. Jewish medical ethics. New York: Bloch Publishing; 1959
- Life & Death Responsibilities in Jewish Biomedical Ethics, Ed. Aaron L. Mackler, JTS, 2000
- Maibaum M. A "progressive" Jewish medical ethics: notes for an agenda. Journal of Reform Judaism 1986;33(3):27-33.
- Rosner, Fred Modern medicine and Jewish ethics New York: Yeshiva University Press; 1986
- Conservative Judaism Vol. 54(3), Spring 2002 (Contains a set of six articles on bioethics)
- Zohar, Noam J. 1997. Alternatives in Jewish Bioethics. Albany: State University of New York Press
Christian bioethics
The above article is adapted from from Wikipedia All Wikipedia article text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
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