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Architecture of Cambodia
The Splendors of Angkor
Over a period of 300 years, between 900 and 1200 AD, the Khmer Kingdom of Angkor produced some of the world's most magnificent architectural masterpieces on the northern shore of the Tonle Sap, near the present town of Siem Reap. The Angkor area stretches 15 miles east to west and 5 miles north to south. Some 72 major temples or other buildings dot the area.
Angkor Wat
The principal temple, Angkor Wat, was built between 1112 and 1150 by Suryavarman II. With walls nearly one-half mile on each side, Angkor Wat portrays the Hindu cosmology with the central towers representing Mount Meru, home of the gods; the outer walls, the mountains enclosing the world; and the moat, the oceans beyond. Angkor Thom, the capital city built after the Cham sack of 1177, is surrounded by a 300-foot wide moat. Construction of Angkor Thom coincided with a change from Hinduism to Buddhism. Temples were altered to display images of the Buddha, and Angkor Wat became a major Buddhist shrine.
During the 15th century, nearly all of Angkor was abandoned after Siamese attacks, except Angkor Wat, which remained a shrine for Buddhist pilgrims. The great city and temples remained largely cloaked by the forest until the late 19th century when French archaeologists began a long restoration process. France established the Angkor Conservancy in 1908 to direct restoration of the Angkor complex. For the next 64 years, the conservancy worked to clear away the forest, repair foundations, and install drains to protect the buildings from their most insidious enemy: water. After 1953, the conservancy became a joint project of the French and Cambodian Governments. Some temples were carefully taken apart stone by stone and reassembled on concrete foundations. Since the Royal Cambodian Government came to power in 1993, international tourism to Angkor has been on the increase.
To be differentiated fom Angkor
See also : Cambodia
This article is adapted from from Wikipedia All Wikipedia article text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
Angkor: Celestial Temples of the Khmer by Jon Ortner
Art & Architecture of Cambodia (World of Art) by Helen Ibbitson Jessup
Angkor: Cambodia's Fabulous Khmer Temples, Fifth Edition (Odyssey Illustrated Guide) by Dawn Rooney
Ruins of Angkor Cambodia in 1909 by Pierre Dieulefils
Photographic Impressions of Burma, Siam, Cambodia, Yunnan, Champa, and Vietnam by Martin Hurgmann
Autrefois, Maison Privee by Bill Burke
The Beauty of Fired Clay: Ceramics from Burma, Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand by Hiromu Honda
Angkor Wat: Time, Space, and Kingship by Eleanor Mannikka
Angkor by Jean-Pierre Grandjean
Cambodian Architecture: Eighth to Thirteenth Centuries (Handbook of Oriental Studies/Handbuch Der Orientalistik, Pt 3, 12) by Jacques Dumarcay
Khmer Heritage in Thailand: With Special Emphasis on on Temples, Inscriptions, and Etymology by E. Aymonier
The Ancient Khmer Empire by Lawrence Palmer Briggs
Angkor Wat by Michio Fujioka
Khmer Heritage in the Old Siamese Provinces of Cambodia by E. Aymonier
Le Temple D'Angkor Vat: LA Galerie Des Bas Reliefs by L. D'Extreme-Orient
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