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Autotrophic.
Autotroph(Redirected from Autotrophic)
An autotroph is an organism that produces its own cell mass and organic compounds from carbon dioxide as sole carbon source, using either light or chemical compounds as a source of energy. Plants and other organisms using photosynthesis are photolithoautotrophs; bacteria that utilize the oxidation of inorganic compounds such as hydrogen sulfide or ferrous iron for energy conservation are chemolithoautotrophs.
Autotrophs are a vital part of the food chain. They take energy from the sun or from inorganic sources and convert it into a form (organic molecules) that they use to carry out biological functions including cell growth; and that other organisms (called heterotrophs) can utilize as food. Thus, heterotrophs — animals, fungi, as well as most bacteria and protozoa — depend on autotrophs for energy and for the raw materials to make complex organic molecules. The heterotrophs obtain energy by breaking down organic molecules in their food. Even carnivorous animals rely on autotrophs because the energy and organic building blocks obtained from their prey comes ultimately from the autotrophs eaten by the prey.
See also: Primary nutritional groups
The above article is adapted from from Wikipedia All Wikipedia article text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
Autotrophic Bacteria by Hans G. Schlegel
Variations in Autotrophic Life by Jessup M. Shively
Autotrophic Microbiology and One-Carbon Metabolism (Advances in Autotrophic Microbiology and One Carbon Metabolism, Vol by Lubbert Dijkhuizen
Autotrophic Microorganisms by B. A. Fry
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Recent Autotrophic related patents
From USPTO:
6716587: Antibodies to interleukin-4 receptors and uses thereof
6716474: Expression of fructose 1,6 bisphosphate aldolase in transgenic plants
6709203: Upstream engaging fluid switch for serial conveying
6706171: Systems for treating wastewater in a series of filter-containing tanks
6699654: Antimicrobial agents diagnostic reagents, and vaccines based on unique apicomplexan parasite components
6693171: ACPL polypeptides
6692740: ACPL antibodies
6689609: Enhancing germination of plant somatic embryos by priming
6689274: Low oxygen organic waste bioconversion system
6686163: Coding sequence haplotype of the human BRCA1 gene
6685935: Vectors for the diagnosis and treatment of solid tumors including melanoma
6684564: Embryo delivery system for manufactured seeds
6682920: Compositions and methods for identifying PKB kinase inhibitors
6680194: Mercaptan deodorizing for storage tanks
6680057: Methods of treating autoimmune disease by administering interleukin-17 receptor
6676836: Surge anoxic mix sequencing batch reactor systems
6670165: Methods for producing highly phosphorylated lysosomal hydrolases
6669847: Method for water denitrification
6669846: Wastewater treatment with alkanes
6667039: CD30 ligand
6664077: DNA encoding ACPL
6663906: Expression of fructose 1,6 bisphosphate aldolase in transgenic plants
6660840: Methods for enhancement of protective immune responses
6656722: Process for immobilizing arsenic waste
6656249: Method for desulphurization of gases
6653447: ULBP DNA and polypeptides
6653110: Method for producing L-glutamic acid
6649164: Method for enhancing the functional capacity of dendritic cells
6646188: Inbred maize seed and plant PSA104
6642358: Receptor that binds trail
6642038: GlcNAc phosphotransferase of the lysosomal targeting pathway
6632424: Human FLTS3 ligand
6630143: Antibodies against flt3 ligand
6630067: Methods and apparatus for biological treatment of aqueous waste
6613222: Apparatus for the treatment of waste water
6610205: Process for nitrifying denitrifying organic waste water
6607903: Genes encoding desulfurization enzymes
6605469: Nucleic acid molecule encoding a cytochrome P-450 hydroxylase in brassinosteroid biosynthesis in plants
6605456: Nucleic acids encoding IKR-2, a protein kinase related to the I kappa B kinases
6605220: Apparatus and method for wastewater treatment with enhanced solids reduction (ESR)
6596852: Antibodies that bind the cytokine designated LERK-5
6596517: Method for producing L-glutamic acid
6592762: Process for treating BOD-containing wastewater
6589780: Bio-reactor for enhancing the biomass yield of plant organs
6589772: Acidophile archaeal organism
6589764: IL-18 receptor fusion proteins
6582596: Bioreactor systems for biological nutrient removal
6582159: Upstream engaging fluid switch for serial conveying
6581327: Apparatus and method for propagating plants
from PUBMED
1: Siebers B, Tjaden B, Michalke K, Dorr C, Ahmed H, Zaparty M, Gordon P,
Sensen CW, Zibat A, Klenk HP, Schuster SC, Hensel R.
Reconstruction of the central carbohydrate metabolism of Thermoproteus tenax by
use of genomic and biochemical data.
J Bacteriol. 2004 Apr;186(7):2179-94.
PMID: 15028704
2: Grabinska-L?oniewska A, Perchuc M, Kornil?owicz-Kowalska T.
Biocenosis of BAC(F)s used for groundwater treatment.
Water Res. 2004 Apr;38(7):1695-1706.
PMID: 15026224
3: Hulshoff Pol LW, De Castro Lopes SI, Lettinga G, Lens PN.
Anaerobic sludge granulation.
Water Res. 2004 Mar;38(6):1376-89.
PMID: 15016515
4: Chmura GL, Santos A, Pospelova V, Spasojevic Z, Lam R, Latimer JS.
Response of three paleo-primary production proxy measures to development of an
urban estuary.
Sci Total Environ. 2004 Mar 29;320(2-3):225-43.
PMID: 15016509
5: Moon HS, Ahn KH, Lee S, Nam K, Kim JY.
Use of autotrophic sulfur-oxidizers to remove nitrate from bank filtrate in a
permeable reactive barrier system.
Environ Pollut. 2004;129(3):499-507.
PMID: 15016470
6: Kindaichi T, Ito T, Okabe S.
Ecophysiological interaction between nitrifying bacteria and heterotrophic
bacteria in autotrophic nitrifying biofilms as determined by
microautoradiography-fluorescence in situ hybridization.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Mar;70(3):1641-50.
PMID: 15006789
7: Pynaert K, Smets BF, Beheydt D, Verstraete W.
Start-up of autotrophic nitrogen removal reactors via sequential biocatalyst
addition.
Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Feb 15;38(4):1228-35.
PMID: 14998042
8: Ishii M, Chuakrut S, Arai H, Igarashi Y.
Occurrence, biochemistry and possible biotechnological application of the
3-hydroxypropionate cycle.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2004 Feb 28 [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 14997352
9: Banciu H, Sorokin DY, Kleerebezem R, Muyzer G, Galinski EA, Kuenen JG.
Growth kinetics of haloalkaliphilic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium
Thioalkalivibrio versutus strain ALJ 15 in continuous culture.
Extremophiles. 2004 Feb 26 [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 14991424
10: Savidge WB, Blair NE.
Patterns of intramolecular carbon isotopic heterogeneity within amino acids of
autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Oecologia. 2004 Apr;139(2):178-89. Epub 2004 Feb 24.
PMID: 14986094
11: Vogt K.
Carbon budgets of temperate forest ecosystems.
Tree Physiol. 1991 Jul-Sep;9(1_2):69-86.
PMID: 14972857
12: Alcantara S, Velasco A, Munoz A, Cid J, Revah S, Razo-Flores E.
Hydrogen sulfide oxidation by a microbial consortium in a recirculation reactor
system: sulfur formation under oxygen limitation and removal of phenols.
Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Feb 1;38(3):918-23.
PMID: 14968883
13: Finazzo SF, Davenport TL, Schaffer B.
Partitioning of photoassimilates in avocado (Persea americana Mill.) during
flowering and fruit set.
Tree Physiol. 1994 Feb;14(2):153-64.
PMID: 14967710
14: Okano Y, Hristova KR, Leutenegger CM, Jackson LE, Denison RF, Gebreyesus B,
Lebauer D, Scow KM.
Application of real-time PCR to study effects of ammonium on population size of
ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in soil.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Feb;70(2):1008-16.
PMID: 14766583
15: Londry KL, Jahnke LL, Des Marais DJ.
Stable carbon isotope ratios of lipid biomarkers of sulfate-reducing bacteria.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Feb;70(2):745-51.
PMID: 14766550
16: Ebie Y, Noda N, Miura H, Matsumura M, Tsuneda S, Hirata A, Inamori Y.
Comparative analysis of genetic diversity and expression of amoA in wastewater
treatment processes.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2004 Feb 3 [Epub ahead of print]
PMID: 14758520
17: Neu TR, Woelfl S, Lawrence JR.
Three-dimensional differentiation of photo-autotrophic biofilm constituents by
multi-channel laser scanning microscopy (single-photon and two-photon
excitation).
J Microbiol Methods. 2004 Feb;56(2):161-72.
PMID: 14744445
18: [No authors listed]
[In Process Citation]
Aviakosm Ekolog Med. 2003;37(5):64-70. Russian.
PMID: 14730737
19: So AK, Espie GS, Williams EB, Shively JM, Heinhorst S, Cannon GC.
A novel evolutionary lineage of carbonic anhydrase (epsilon class) is a
component of the carboxysome shell.
J Bacteriol. 2004 Feb;186(3):623-30.
PMID: 14729686
20: Pace ML, Cole JJ, Carpenter SR, Kitchell JF, Hodgson JR, Van De Bogert MC,
Bade DL, Kritzberg ES, Bastviken D.
Whole-lake carbon-13 additions reveal terrestrial support of aquatic food webs.
Nature. 2004 Jan 15;427(6971):240-3.
PMID: 14724637
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