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Bauhin
Gaspard Bauhin
Gaspard Bauhin (January 17, 1560 – December 5, 1624) and Jean Bauhin (1541-1613) were Swiss-French botanists.
Gaspard Bauhin introduced binomial nomenclature into taxonomy, which was taken up by Linnaeus. His work Pinax theatri botanici (1596) was the first to use this new convention for naming species. He also worked on human anatomical nomenclature.
Jean and Gaspard were the sons of Jean Bauhin (1511-1582), a French physician who had to leave his native country on becoming a convert to Protestantism. Gaspard was born at Basel and studied medicine at Padua, Montpellier, and in Germany. Returning to Basel in 1580, he was admitted to the degree of doctor, and gave private lectures in botany and anatomy. In 1582 he was appointed to the Greek professorship in that university, and in 1588 to the chair of anatomy and botany. He was later made city physician, professor of the practice of medicine, rector of the university, and dean of his faculty.
In addition to Pinax Theatri Botanici, Gaspard planned another work, a Theatrum Botanicum, meant to be comprised in twelve parts folio, of which he finished three; only one, however, was published (1658). He also gave a copious catalogue of the plants growing in the environs of Basel, and edited the works of P. A. Mattioli (1500-1577) with considerable additions. His principal work on anatomy was Theatrum Anatomicum infinitis locis auctum (1592).
His brother Jean studied botany at Tübingen under Leonard Fuchs (1501-1566). He then travelled with Conrad Gessner, after which he began to practise medicine at Basel, where he was elected professor of rhetoric in 1566. Four years later he was invited to become physician to Duke Frederick I of Württemberg at Montbéliard, where he remained until his death. He devoted himself chiefly to botany. His great work, Historia plantarum universalis, a compilation of all that was then known about botany, was incomplete at his death, but was published at Yverdon in 1650-1651.
This article incorporates text from the public domain 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.
The above article is adapted from from Wikipedia All Wikipedia article text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
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from PUBMED
1: Bergmann M, Wendler D.
[Caspar Bauhin (1560-1624)]
Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb. 1986;132(2):173-81. German.
PMID: 3519350
2: Kyle RA, Shampo MA.
Gaspard Bauhin.
JAMA. 1979 Sep 14;242(11):1162.
PMID: 381697
3: [No authors listed]
Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Gynaeciorum sive de mulierum
affectibus commentarii graecorum, latinorum, barbarorum, jam olim et nunc recens
editorum. Kaspar Bauhin. Basileae, per Thomas Guarinum, 1586-1588.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1977 May 15;128(2):222.
PMID: 324282
4: Gysel C.
[Gaspard Bauhin and the problem of the development of the dentition at the end
of the Renaissance]
Orthod Fr. 1976;47(0):461-82. French.
PMID: 796782
5: Hasler F.
[Johannes Bauhin, jr. (1541-1613) and the Geneva "Ordonnances sur l'estat de la
Medecine, Pharmacie et Chirurgie" of 1569]
Gesnerus. 1973;30(3):99-104. German.
PMID: 4596343
6: Fischer K, Schratter H.
[On the differential diagnosis of prolapse resembling pictures on the ileocecal
valve of Bauhin]
Radiol Austriaca. 1967;17(2):155-68. German.
PMID: 5631006
7: HALMAI J.
[CASPAR BAUHIN]
Orv Hetil. 1965 Feb 7;106:276-7. Hungarian.
PMID: 14256510
8: HASLER F, PORTMANN ML.
[JOHANNES BAUHIN (1541-1613). HIS SOCIAL IMPORTANCE AS A PUBLIC SERVICE
PHYSICIAN, BALNEOLOGIST AND BOTANIST]
Gesnerus. 1963;20:1-21. German.
PMID: 14048311
9: CARVALHO OA, SELIGMAN JS.
[Case of agenesia of the valve of Bauhin with intestinal atresia.]
Med Cir Farm. 1959 Feb-Mar;274(5):86-92. Portuguese.
PMID: 13643286
10: FOGEL M, SOMOGYI Z.
[X-ray diagnosis of the ileocecal region; changes observed in the Bauhin
valve.]
Magy Radiol. 1957 Dec;9(4):206-11. Hungarian.
PMID: 13515608
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