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Emperor.
Emperor
An emperor is nominally a monarch and sovereign ruler of an empire or any other imperial realm. Emperors are generally recognised to be above kings in honour. They may be obtain their position hereditarily, or by force, such as a coup d'état.
The English term for emperor is derived from the Latin imperator (literally, "one who prepares against"; loosely, "commander"). In German the title Kaiser is used and in Russian tsar is used, both of which are derived from Caesar.
Imperator was originally a title used by the highest-ranking Roman commanders, roughly comparable to field marshal or commander-in-chief. Caesar was the family name of Gaius Julius Caesar (100 BC-44 BC), who never was an emperor himself but rather the last dictator of the Roman Republic. The name of Caesar lived on by adoption in the first Roman Emperor, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (better known as Caesar Augustus). This was not a constitutional office but rather a complicated collection of offices, titles, and honours.
In China, Emperor was first introduced when Qin Shi Huangdi declared himself the first emperor. In Japan, a ruler in Yamato court was called "Tenno" and usually translated as emperor, though Japan is usually not considered an "empire" in the traditional sense except during the brief period of the Meiji, Taisho and early Showa emperors. In Japanese language, tenno is strictly distinguished from teiou who rules an empire--both are translated as emperor.
Sometimes, a retired emperor has actual power instead of the ruling emperor.
Currently, the Emperor of Japan is the only Emperor left in the world.1.
Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide")
1 List of empires
1.1 Ancient empires
1.2 Medieval empires
1.3 Newer empires
1.4 Emperors of short-lived 'empires'
1.5 Self-proclaimed 'emperors'
1.6 Fictional Empires
2 Footnote
List of empires
Ancient empires
Medieval empires
Newer empires
- Austrian Empire, 1804 - 1867 and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, 1867 - 1918 (both under the Habsburgs)
- Empire of Brazil (Pedro I, 1822 - 1831 and Pedro II, 1831 - 1889)
- French Empire (Napoleon I, 1804 - 1814 and Napoleon III, 1852 - 1870)
- German Empire (under the Hohenzollerns, 1871 - 1918)
- India (under the British Raj with British Monarch as Emperor of India, 1876 - 1947)
- Russian Empire (under the Romanovs, 1721 - 1917)
- Korean Empire (Gojong, 1897 - 1907 and Sunjong, 1907 - 1910)
Emperors of short-lived 'empires'
Self-proclaimed 'emperors'
Fictional Empires
Footnote
1. Although the Emperor of Japan (1945- ) is classified as constitutional Monarch Emperor among political scientists, the constitution of Japan defines him only as a symbol of the nation and no law states his status as a political monarch or otherwise.
The above article is adapted from from Wikipedia All Wikipedia article text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
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I, Claudius : From the Autobiography of Tiberius Claudius, Born 10 B.C., Murdered and Deified A.D. 54 (Vintage International) by Robert Graves
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When the Emperor Was Divine by Julie Otsuka
Sharpe's Devil : Chile 1820 by Bernard Cornwell
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The Emperor Wears No Clothes: The Authoritative Historical Record of Cannabis and the Conspiracy Against Marijuana by Jack Herer
Emperor: The Gates of Rome by Conn Iggulden
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