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Elbrus_ (including recent related patents.)
Mount Elbrus(Redirected from Elbrus) Satellite picture of Mount Elbrus. Mount Elbrus is the highest mountain in Europe, at 5,642 m (18,506 ft). It is located in the western Caucasus mountains, in Russia, near the border of Georgia. (Geographically, the Caucasus is part of the traditional boundary between Europe and Asia, so mountains on the north side of the range are in Europe.) Elbrus stands 20 km (12 mi) north of the main range of the Greater Caucasus and 65 km (40 mi) south-southwest of the Russian town of Kislovodsk. It is an extinct volcano. Its permanent icecap feeds 22 glaciers which in turn give rise to the Baksan, Kuban, and Malka Rivers. The ancients knew the mountain as Strobilus and believed that Prometheus was chained here. The lower of the two summits was first ascended in 1868 by Douglas Freshfield, A. W. Moore, and C. C. Tucker, and the higher (by about 40 m) in 1874 by a party led by F. Crauford Grove. During the early years of the Soviet Union, mountaineering became a popular sport of the masses, and there was tremedous traffic on the mountain. In the winter of 1936, a very large group of inexperienced Komsomol members attempted the mountain, and ended up suffering many fatalities when they slipped on the ice and fell to their deaths. The Germans briefly occupied the mountain during World War II; a possibly apocryphal story tells of a Soviet pilot being given a medal for bombing the main mountaineering hut, Pruit 11, while it was occupied. He was then later nominated for a medal for not hitting the hut, but instead the fuel supply, leaving the hut standing for future generations. The Soviet Union encouraged ascents of Elbrus, and in 1956 it was climbed en masse by 400 mountaineers to mark the 400th anniversary of the annexation of Kabardino-Balkaria, the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in which Elbrus was located. From 1959 through 1976, a cable car system was built in stages which can take visitors as high as 3,800 meters. There are a wide variety of routes up the mountain, but the normal route, which is free of crevasses, continues more or less straight up the slope from the end of the cable car system. During the summer, it is not uncommon for 100 people to be attempting the summit via this route each day. The climb is not technically difficult, but it is physically arduous because of the elevations and the frequent strong winds. The Caucasus Mountains are the result of a tectonic plate collision between the Arabian plate moving northward with respect to the Eurasian plate. They form a continuation of the Himalayas, which are being pressed upwards by a similar collison zone with the Eurasian and Indian plates. The entire region is regularly subjected to strong earthquakes from this activity, especially as the fault structure is complex with the Anatolia/Turkey and Iranian Blocks flowing sidewise, which prevents subduction of the advancing plate edge and hence the lack of volcanoes (though some minor dome structures, such as Elbrus' peaks, do exist). Do not confuse Mount Elbrus with the Elburz mountains in Iran. Parts of this article are from the NASA Earth Observatory; [1] Reference
This article is adapted from from Wikipedia All Wikipedia article text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License Lyme Disease and the Ss Elbrus by Rachel Verdon Unternehmen "Elbrus" : d. kaukas. Abenteuer 1942 by Josef Martin Bauer Caucasus Central, Elbrus to Kazbek, Map-Guide: Scale 1:200,000 by Robin G. Collomb Mount Elbrus, the Upper Baksan Valley, Map and Guide: Caucasus, 1:50,000 & 1:1,000,000: For Mountaineers and Skiers by A. L. Wielochowski Recent Elbrus_ related patents From USPTO: 6678352: Anti-scattering x-ray raster 6668316: Method and apparatus for conflict-free execution of integer and floating-point operations with a common register file 6658471: Method and system for zero overhead software performance measurement instrumentation 6594824: Profile driven code motion and scheduling 6584611: Critical path optimization--unload hard extended scalar block 6567831: Computer system and method for parallel computations using table approximation 6564372: Critical path optimization-unzipping 6560775: Branch preparation 6549903: Integrity of tagged data 6526573: Critical path optimization-optimizing branch operation insertion 6516463: Method for removing dependent store-load pair from critical path 6516462: Cache miss saving for speculation load operation 6424181: High-speed low-power sense amplifying half-latch and apparatus thereof for small-swing differential logic (SSDL) 6412105: Computer method and apparatus for compilation of multi-way decisions 6373149: Power supply control for low voltage circuits using high threshold switch transistors 6370634: Data flow computer with two switches 6366130: High speed low power data transfer scheme 6363405: Computer system and method for parallel computations using table approximation methods 6351155: High-speed sense amplifier capable of cascade connection 6323688: Efficient half-cycle clocking scheme for self-reset circuit 6320446: System for improving low voltage CMOS performance 6313691: Method and apparatus for adjusting the static thresholds of CMOS circuits 6305011: Tip technology and its application to sparcompiler pascal 6301706: Compiler method and apparatus for elimination of redundant speculative computations from innermost loops 6265896: Level transfer circuit for LVCMOS applications 6243822: Method and system for asynchronous array loading 5958048: Architectural support for software pipelining of nested loops 5923871: Multifunctional execution unit having independently operable adder and multiplier 5892951: Method and apparatus for efficient evaluation of semantic attributes in LALR parsing 5889985: Array prefetch apparatus and method 5794029: Architectural support for execution control of prologue and eplogue periods of loops in a VLIW processor |
