refined Earth_Sciences Information, explanation, recent texts, monographs, and related patents.
Information & explanations, latest texts & monographs on Earth_Sciences (including recent related patents.)


Earth science

(Redirected from Earth Sciences) Earth science (also known as geoscience or the geosciences), is an all-embracing term for the sciences related to the planet Earth. It is arguably a special case in planetary science, being the only known life-bearing planet. There are both reductionist and holistic approaches to Earth science. The major historic disciplines use physics, mathematics, chemistry, and biology to build a quantitative understanding of the principal areas or spheres of the Earth system: However, given the numerous interactions between the spheres many modern fields take an interdisciplinary approach and thus do not sit comfortably in this scheme:
  • Biogeochemistry follows the cycling of elements through the spheres mediated by biological and geological processes, and especially their distribution and fluxes between reservoirs.
Furthermore, other modern disciplines known collectively as Earth system science approach the entire Earth as a system in its own right, which evolves as a result of positive and negative feedbacks between constituent systems:
  • Meteorology describes, explains and predicts the weather based on the interaction of principally the ocean and atmosphere.
  • Climatology describes and explains the climate in terms of the interaction of the litho-, hydro-, atmo-, cryo-, and bio- spheres.
  • Gaia theories explain the behaviour of the Earth system in terms of the influence of the biosphere.
Like all other scientists, earth scientists apply the scientific method: formulate hypotheses after observation of and gathering data about natural phenomena and then test those hypotheses. In earth science, data usually plays a critical role in testing and formulating hypotheses. The systems approach, enabled by the combined use of computer models as hypotheses tested by global satellite and ship-board data, is increasingly giving scientists the ability to explain the past and possible future behaviour of the Earth system. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Partial list of the major Earth Science topics 1.1 Geology 1.2 Oceanography 1.3 Geography 1.4 Limnology 1.5 Glaciology 1.6 Atmospheric Science 1.7 Systems/multidisciplinary Partial list of the major Earth Science topics Geology Oceanography Geography Limnology Glaciology Atmospheric Science Systems/multidisciplinary

This article is adapted from from Wikipedia All Wikipedia article text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License

Krakatoa : The Day the World Exploded: August 27, 1883 by Simon Winchester

Hubbert's Peak : The Impending World Oil Shortage by Kenneth S. Deffeyes

On the Day You Were Born by Debra Frasier

The Privileged Planet: How Our Place in the Cosmos Is Designed for Discovery by Guillermo Gonzalez

Salt: A World History by Mark Kurlansky

Five Billion Years of Global Change : A History of the Land by Denis Wood

The Atlas of Middle-Earth (Revised Edition) by Karen Wynn Fonstad

Getting to Know ArcGIS Desktop by Tim Ormsby

The Endurance : Shackleton's Legendary Antarctic Expedition by Caroline Alexander

National Geographic Atlas Of The World 7th Edition by National Geographic

Under the Black Flag: The Romance and the Reality of Life among the Pirates by David Cordingly

Longitude: The True Story of a Lone Genius Who Solved the Greatest Scientific Problem of His Time by Dava Sobel

Fingerprints of the Gods : The Evidence of Earth's Lost Civilization by Graham Hancock

Gemstones of the World, Revised Edition by Walter Schumann

What Is the World Made Of? All About Solids, Liquids, and Gases (Let's-Read-and-Find-Out Science, S by Kathleen Weidner Zoehfeld


Recent Earth_Sciences related patents

From USPTO:
6690820: System and method for analyzing and imaging and enhanced three-dimensional volume data set using one or more attributes
6625083: Method and device intended for seismic exploration of an underwater subsurface zone using seismic receivers coupled with the water bottom
6585044: Method, system and tool for reservoir evaluation and well testing during drilling operations
6570152: Time of flight mass spectrometer with selectable drift length
6537676: Waterproofing material and method of fabrication therefor
6503478: Chemically specific imaging of tissue
6462549: Method and system for electroseismic monitoring of microseismicity
6460011: Method for measuring a degree of association for dimensionally referenced data
6447375: Polishing method using a reconstituted dry particulate polishing composition
6409500: Glass fire and method of making
6360184: Method for measuring a degree of association for dimensionally referenced data
6345108: Multivariable statistical method for characterizing images that have been formed of a complex environment such as the subsoil
6313837: Modeling at more than one level of resolution
6269952: Methods and apparatus for use in processing and treating particulate material
6269311: Discrimination of porosity and fluid saturation using seismic velocity analysis
6128577: Modeling geological structures and properties
6086381: Interactive learning system
6060614: Chelating ligands having a tripodal backbone
6052650: Enforcing consistency in geoscience models
6052648: Method and system for display of weather-related information
5998146: Homogeneous luminescence assay method based on energy transfer
RE36282: System for using geopressured-geothermal reservoirs
5933120: 2-D scanning antenna and method for the utilization thereof
5906371: Multi-skill board game
5905657: Performing geoscience interpretation with simulated data
5886173: Metallation of macrocycles with 2,4-dicarbonyl-metal complexes
5849737: Compositions and methods for treating pain
5838634: Method of generating 3-D geologic models incorporating geologic and geophysical constraints
5742297: Apparatus and method for constructing a mosaic of data
5686378: Lamella lepidocrocite particles and process for producing the same
5618472: Compounds and methods for separation and molecular encapsulation of metal ions
5603917: Methods for the in vivo measurement of the concentration of NMR-detectable xenobiotic compounds
5550887: Phase contrast X-ray microscope
5480629: Catalytic production of hydrogen peroxide
5468467: Methods for the in vivo measurement of the concentration of non-imaging nmr-detectable xenobiotic compounds
5455902: Method and apparatus for performing real-time computer animation
5396966: Steering sub for flexible drilling
5379215: Method for creating a 3-D image of terrain and associated weather
5364568: Compounds and methods for separation and molecular encapsulation of metal ions
5333248: Method and system for the smooth contouring of triangulated surfaces
5320179: Steering sub for flexible drilling
5314017: Method of assisting the recovery of petroleum in vertically fractured formations utilizing carbon dioxide gas to establish gravity drainage
5288177: Methods of treating local soils to make them oleophillic and of using the soils to minimize, consolidate, and clean up oily spills
5272910: Vadose zone monitoring system having wick layer enhancement
5266799: Geophysical survey system
5216484: Real-time imaging spectrometer
5212738: Scanning laser measurement system
5165235: System for using geopressured-geothermal reservoirs
5139087: Method for ensuring injectivity of polymer solutions

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